红外抑制器两种缩比模型的对比实验

介绍了红外抑制器两种缩比模型的对比实验。大小两种模型几何相似比为２，燃气流量比为４，在模拟真实涡轮轴发动机排气条件下，证明其降温能力和红外抑制效果是相同的。文中对红外抑制器对比试验控制参数，混合管壁面温度及红外辐射强度都列表进行比较，从而说明这种红外抑制器模型，如果放大尺寸比例应用于涡轮辆发动机上，也会收到同样的效果。     

Effect of baffle injectors on the first-order tangential acoustic mode in a cylindrical combustor

Combustion instability is a very important issue in the development of the propulsion systems used in aerospace. It is very important to associate the high frequency combustion instabilities with the acoustic characteristics of the combustion chamber. In this paper, the effects of various baffle injectors which were installed on the injector faceplate on the first-order tangential acoustic mode were investigated theoretically and experimentally. The effects of the gap between adjacent injectors on the first-order tangential acoustic mode in a cylindrical chamber were considered. The acoustic admittance of the injectors was derived. The results showed that the amplitude and frequency of the first-order tangential acoustic mode increase with the increase in the gap between adjacent injectors, but decrease with the increase in the number and height of the baffles. The baffle injectors have a greater influence on the amplitude and frequency of the first-order tangential acoustic mode than the baffle blades.     

节流水平对气液针栓喷注单元雾化特性的影响

为了分析气液针栓喷注单元雾化特性和雾化机制，采用背光成像技术和相位多普勒（PDA）系统进行试验研究，获得了雾化模式、体积流量分布、索泰尔平均直径（SMD）分布和速度场随节流水平的变化规律。结果表明：气液针栓喷注单元雾场形态为扇形雾场，雾化模式为剪切破碎。体积流量沿径向呈单峰形分布，随着节流水平降低，雾场外缘向中心收缩。SMD沿径向呈现递增规律，雾化最好的区域分布在雾场中心和两侧。SMD随节流水平增加而增大。当动量比不变时，节流水平对SMD的分布范围影响很小。针栓头部下方的中心回流区轴向尺寸随着节流水平降低而减小。     

针栓式喷注器无旋锥形液膜线性不稳定分析

将离心式喷嘴锥形液膜破碎模型应用于针栓式喷注器,对无旋锥形液膜进行了线性不稳定分析。求解色散方程获得了色散关系曲线,分析了无旋锥形液膜表面波发展过程。研究了喷注压降、喷注通道长宽比、液膜半锥角以及正弦模式扰动波加权因子等参数对无旋锥形液膜无量纲破碎时间和破碎长度的影响。结果表明:正弦模式扰动波比曲张模式扰动波增长更快,并且更不稳定。正弦模式扰动波在无旋锥形液膜破碎过程中占优,并且喷注压降越大,液膜破碎的越快。喷注通道长宽比的增加会使得无量纲破碎时间和破碎长度近似线性增大。针栓式喷注器设计时,为利于液膜破碎,喷注通道长宽比应取小值,而液膜半锥角应取大值。     

针栓式喷注器雾化特性试验

采用高速摄影和马尔文测粒系统对针栓式喷注器雾化特性进行研究，得到了索太尔平均直径（SMD）、粒径分布均匀度指数和雾化锥角随针栓式喷注器结构参数的变化趋势。结果表明:SMD沿喷注轴向均匀不变，沿径向增加；随着气液流量比的增大SMD减小，而粒径分布均匀度指数先降低而后有所回升；粒径分布均匀度指数与狭缝宽度的乘积近似为常值0.35；当气液流量比大于0.206时，由于气动力的作用，雾化边界可分为两段，上面段为收缩段，下面段为等直径段；在针栓式喷注器设计时，狭缝宽度取值越小越好，而液膜半锥角应当考虑SMD和雾化锥角折中选取。